If a patient experiences symptoms of anaphylaxis, what is the first action to take?

In cases of anaphylaxis, the first action to take is to call 911 or have a staff member call for emergency medical assistance. Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction that can progress rapidly. It requires immediate medical attention due to the risk of airway obstruction, cardiovascular collapse, and shock.

Calling for emergency services ensures that advanced medical care is on the way while other life-saving measures, such as administering epinephrine, can be initiated. While it’s important to manage the patient's symptoms, contacting emergency responders is crucial because anaphylaxis can escalate quickly, and healthcare professionals equipped and trained to handle these emergencies are required for proper care.

Other options, such as administering diphenhydramine, providing water, or encouraging deep breathing, are not appropriate immediate responses in the face of life-threatening anaphylaxis. Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine that may be used later to alleviate symptoms but does not address the critical aspect of airway safety. Providing water is not relevant, and encouraging deep breathing does not support the patient’s immediate needs during anaphylactic shock, where airway control and prompt treatment are of utmost importance.