What is the purpose of post-exposure prophylaxis in cases of rabies?

The purpose of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) in cases of rabies is to prevent infection. After exposure to a potentially rabid animal or person, timely administration of rabies vaccination and, in some cases, rabies immune globulin, is crucial. These interventions work by stimulating the immune system to produce antibodies against the rabies virus and providing immediate passive immunity, respectively.

Unlike other infections where treatment may focus on alleviating symptoms or managing the effects of the disease, rabies is almost invariably fatal once clinical symptoms appear. Therefore, post-exposure prophylaxis is implemented as a preventive measure immediately after potential exposure to ensure that the virus does not establish an infection in the body. This approach underscores the critical nature of prompt action after an exposure incident to effectively manage the risk of developing rabies.