Which of the following patients is a candidate for both MenACWY and MenB vaccines?

The 10-year-old who just had his spleen removed is a suitable candidate for both the MenACWY and MenB vaccines due to his increased susceptibility to infections caused by encapsulated bacteria, particularly those that can lead to meningococcal disease. The absence of a spleen (asplenia) significantly elevates the risk of severe illnesses from these types of bacteria, making vaccinating against both serogroups of Neisseria meningitidis crucial.

MenACWY protects against serogroups A, C, W, and Y, which are particularly important for individuals like this child who need added protection due to their compromised immune status. Additionally, administering the MenB vaccine offers protection against serogroup B, which is responsible for a significant number of meningococcal cases, especially in children and adolescents.

In contrast, while the other candidates present certain health challenges or contexts that necessitate vaccination, they may not equally require both vaccines. For example, the 16-year-old with HIV may have specific recommendations based on their individual health status and immunocompromised state, while a military recruit, despite being a candidate for these vaccines due to potential exposure risks, typically follows standard protocols that may not always require the MenB vaccine.